Many political refugees immigrated to Thebes from where they organized the fight against the Regime in Athens. 403 BC it succeeded to push the council of 30 away and to re-establish the democracy.
With the end of the position of supremacy of Athens, came up decades of a confusing maze of individual actions, wars and changes of government. The first duration Sparta had the undisputed power ship of Greece.

In 400/399 BC Sparta supported the Ionian (Minor Asia) cities, once again with the fight against the Persians. Both Empires, the Spartans and the Persians, were week because of the previous wars and intern problems in their home territory. The Sparta dominate the battle quite quickly and put pressure on the Persian, which than on their part supported the Anti-Spartan opinions in Greece. As a result, 395 BC came up an open war between the victorious powers of the Peloponnesian war. In this war from 395-386 BC, which is also known as the “Corinth war”, Athens, Corinth and Argos took the side of the Thebans, to fight against the strengthening Sparta. After initial victories of Sparta in 394 BC. near Nemea and victories of the Alliance in 393 BC near the peninsula of Knidos the war ended in a general piece agreement. As a result the Boeotian State dissolved.

In 382 BC also Thebes got under the ruler ship of Sparta, but got quickly free again in 379 BC and moved out to destroy the new established Alliance of Chalcidice. In this period they were on the peak of their power.